Millions of patients are admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) each year, one third of whom need a machine to help them breathe (ventilator). These critically ill patients may develop health problems related to their illness, injury, ventilator or other treatments. Such problems cannot be totally prevented and can continue after the patient leaves the hospital. Delirium, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and sepsis increase the chances of these problems occurring. They, too, may not always be prevented.

If you are an ICU patient or family member, this guide helps you understand the health problems known as post-intensive care syndrome, or PICS, so you know what to look for when you return home. It also includes tips on how to minimize PICS. Many people develop PICS, and help is available. You will have the best chance of recovery if you explain your health problems to your primary care doctor, who can refer you to the specialists you need.